| Classwise Science MCQ Questions with Solutions (Class 6th to 10th) | ||||||||||||||
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Class 6th Science MCQ Questions
1. Food: Where Does It Come From?
This chapter explores the sources of our food, classifying them mainly as **plants** and **animals**. It identifies edible parts of plants like roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds. Food obtained from animals, such as milk, eggs, and meat, is also discussed. The concept of food habits is introduced, categorizing animals as **herbivores** (plant-eaters), **carnivores** (meat-eaters), and **omnivores** (eating both). Understanding food sources highlights the agricultural importance in India and the interconnectedness of living beings in food chains.
2. Components Of Food
Our food contains essential **nutrients** vital for growth, energy, and health. This chapter discusses the main components: **carbohydrates** and **fats** (energy), **proteins** (growth/repair), and **vitamins** and **minerals** (protection against diseases). Roughage and water are also crucial. Simple tests to detect starch, protein, and fat are covered. The importance of a **balanced diet**, providing all nutrients in the right proportion to prevent deficiency diseases like goitre (iodine deficiency) or scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency), is emphasized for good health.
3. Fibre To Fabric
This chapter describes the journey from raw **fibres** to finished **fabrics**. It introduces different types of fibres: **natural fibres** from plants (like cotton, jute - significant in India) and animals (like wool, silk), and **synthetic fibres** (man-made, like nylon). The processes involved in converting fibre into **yarn** (**spinning**) and then yarn into fabric using techniques like **weaving** and knitting are explained. Understanding this process helps appreciate the textile industry and how raw materials become the clothes we wear.
4. Sorting Materials Into Groups
The world around us is made of diverse **materials**. This chapter teaches how to group these materials based on observable properties. Criteria for sorting include **appearance** (shiny, dull), **hardness** (soft, hard), **texture** (smooth, rough), **solubility** in water, whether they float or sink, and **transparency** (transparent, translucent, opaque). Grouping materials simplifies their study, helps identify their uses, and allows us to select the most appropriate material for a specific application based on its characteristics.
5. Separation Of Substances
Often, substances are mixed together, and separating them is necessary for various purposes. This chapter introduces simple techniques for **separating components** from mixtures. Methods discussed include **handpicking** (e.g., removing stones from rice), **threshing**, **winnowing** (separating lighter husk), **sieving** (separating by size), **sedimentation** (settling of solids), **decantation** (pouring off liquid), and **filtration** (using a filter). **Evaporation** is explained for separating a dissolved solid from a liquid. Choosing the right method depends on the properties of the substances in the mixture.
6. Changes Around Us
Our surroundings are constantly changing. This chapter helps us observe and classify these changes. It distinguishes between **reversible changes**, which can be undone to regain the original substance (like melting of ice, folding paper), and **irreversible changes**, which result in new substances and cannot be easily reversed (like burning paper, cooking food). The chapter also explores how applying heat or cold can cause various changes, such as expansion, contraction, or changes in the state of matter, illustrating the dynamic nature of substances around us.
7. Getting To Know Plants
Plants are vital living organisms with diverse forms and structures. This chapter helps identify and understand the basic parts of a typical plant: the **root** (anchorage, absorption), **stem** (support, transport), **leaf** (photosynthesis), **flower** (reproduction), and **fruit** (contains seeds). Plants are also classified into different categories like **herbs**, **shrubs**, and **trees** based on their size, stem type, and lifespan. Understanding plant parts and types is fundamental to appreciating their life processes and their crucial role in ecosystems.
8. Body Movements
This chapter explores how living organisms, especially humans and various animals, move. It explains the role of the **skeletal system** (bones and joints) and **muscles** in enabling movement. Different types of **joints** in the human body (like ball and socket, hinge, pivot) and their functions are discussed, illustrating how they allow specific types of motion. The chapter also briefly describes the mechanisms of movement in other animals like earthworms, snails, birds, fish, and snakes, showcasing the diverse strategies of locomotion found in the animal kingdom and highlighting the interplay of bones and muscles.
9. The Living Organisms — Characteristics And Habitats
This chapter helps define what makes something a **living organism** by discussing essential characteristics: growth, movement, respiration, response to stimuli, excretion, and reproduction. It introduces the concept of **habitat** as the specific environment where an organism lives and finds its needs (e.g., forest, desert, pond). The chapter also discusses **adaptations**, special features or behaviors that help organisms survive in their particular habitats (e.g., polar bears in cold climates), illustrating how different organisms are suited to live in diverse environments and emphasizing the relationship between an organism and its surroundings.
10. Motion And Measurement Of Distances
This chapter introduces the concept of **motion** as a change in position over time. It discusses various types of motion, such as straight-line (rectilinear), circular, and periodic motion. The necessity of accurately **measuring distances** using **standard units** is emphasized, introducing the **SI system** and the metre as the standard unit of length. Simple methods for measuring the length of both straight lines (using a ruler) and curved lines (using a thread) are explained, providing practical skills in making precise measurements and describing the movement of objects quantifiably.
11. Light, Shadows And Reflections
This chapter explores the fundamental properties of **light** and related phenomena. It establishes that light travels in **straight lines**. The formation of **shadows** when opaque objects block the path of light is explained, discussing how the size and shape of the shadow depend on the object, the light source, and their positions. The concept of **reflection**, the bouncing back of light from a surface like a mirror, is introduced, demonstrating how mirrors form images. Simple experiments like making a pinhole camera illustrate these basic principles of optics.
12. Electricity And Circuits
This chapter introduces the basics of **electricity** and how it flows in a path called a circuit. It defines **electric current** as the flow of electric charge. The essential components of a simple electric circuit are identified: an electric cell (the source of power), a bulb (the device that uses power), a switch (to turn the flow on/off), and connecting wires. The difference between an **open circuit** (broken path, no current) and a **closed circuit** (complete path, current flows) is explained, fundamental to understanding how electrical devices work.
13. Fun With Magnets
This chapter explores the fascinating properties of **magnets**. It distinguishes between **magnetic materials** (attracted by magnets) and non-magnetic materials. The concept of **magnetic poles** (North and South) is introduced, explaining that the magnetic force is strongest at the poles. The fundamental rule that **like poles repel and opposite poles attract** is demonstrated. Simple experiments like using a magnet to find direction and making temporary magnets are included, highlighting the interesting and practical uses of magnets in daily life and toys.
14. Water
**Water** is an indispensable natural resource crucial for the survival of all living organisms. This chapter discusses the importance of water, its various sources on Earth (oceans, rivers, lakes, groundwater), and the three states in which it exists (solid ice, liquid water, gaseous water vapour). The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface through the **water cycle** (evaporation, condensation, precipitation), is explained. The chapter highlights the growing issue of water scarcity and the urgent need for **water conservation** and responsible usage, a vital concern in India.
15. Air Around Us
**Air**, an invisible mixture of gases, surrounds us and is essential for life. This chapter explores the **composition of air**, primarily nitrogen (approx. 78%) and oxygen (approx. 21%), with small amounts of other gases like carbon dioxide and water vapour. Simple experiments demonstrate the properties of air, such as it occupies space, has weight, and is necessary for burning. The vital importance of air for respiration in living organisms, its role in weather and wind energy, and the harmful effects of **air pollution** are discussed, emphasizing the need to maintain air quality.
16. Garbage In, Garbage Out
This chapter addresses the issue of **waste management** and its impact on the environment. It discusses the different types of garbage generated (household waste, industrial waste) and categorizes them into **biodegradable** (which decays naturally) and **non-biodegradable** (which does not decay easily, like plastics). The problems caused by improper waste disposal are highlighted. Effective methods for managing waste, such as **composting** (including vermicomposting using earthworms) and **recycling** materials, are explained. The chapter emphasizes the importance of reducing waste generation and adopting sustainable practices like the **3 Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)**.